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Clear Channel and the Cultural and Socio-Political...

Clear Channel and the Cultural and Socio-Political Ramifications of Media Consolidation I.INTRODUCTION In 1996, Congress passed the Telecommunications Act thereby lifting restrictions on media ownership that had been in place for over sixty years (Moyers 2003; Bagdikian 2000: xviii). It was now possible for a single media company to own not just two radio stations in any given local market, but eight. On the national level, there was no longer any limit on the number of stations a company could own – the Act abandoned the previous nation-wide ownership cap of forty stations (20 FM and 20 AM). This â€Å"anti-regulatory sentiment in government† has continued and in 2004 the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) approved a new rule that†¦show more content†¦2004: 3; Chen 2003). While the phenomenon of rampant media consolidation made possible by the government’s deregulatory practices has been greeted with general enthusiasm by the corporate world, it has left others in society gravely concerned. Media critics and cultural studies observers have voiced concerns over the negative consequences they believe accompany the phenomenon. They see the erosion of the idea that radio is to serve the public interest; they see a stifling of diversity and less choice for the consumer; and they see a threat to American democracy in the form of a possibly insurmountable corporate media hegemony. And for many, Clear Channel is â€Å"the ‘poster child’ for what’s wrong with media deregulation† (Cornell Univ. 2004: 66). Unfortunately however, a February 2004 poll by the Pew Research Center found that â€Å"72 percent of the public has heard nothing about the media ownership [and consolidation] debate† (Connell 2004). Understanding how corporate mergers and consolidation affect the way in which the media function (especially in the realms of production and distribution) and how the media in turn directly impacts our society, our culture, our economy, and our politics – in short, our entire lives – is a necessaryShow MoreRelatedMarketing Management130471 Words   |  522 Pages21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Unit Title Marketing management – an introduction Marketing environment Marketing with other functional areas of management Market segmentation Market targeting and positioning Product management Brand management Pricing Channel design and management Retailing and Wholesaling Integrated Marketing Communication Advertising management Sales promotion Personal selling Public r elations Understanding individual consumer behaviour Understanding industrial consumer behaviour CustomerRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesDavid M. Scobey, Empire City: The Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Gerda Lerner, Fireweed: A Political Autobiography Allida M. Black, ed., Modern American Queer History Eric Sandweiss, St. Louis: The Evolution of an American Urban Landscape Sam Wineburg, Historical Thinking and Other Unnatural Acts: Charting the Future of Teaching the Past Sharon Hartman Strom, Political Woman: Florence Luscomb and the Legacy of Radical Reform Michael Adas, ed., Agricultural and Pastoral SocietiesRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesorganization studies. Mihaela L. Kelemen, Professor of Management Studies, Keele University, UK An unusually rich and deep philosophical book on organization theory with several new thinkers and ideas. Pedagogically a well-structured book with many clear learning objectives, cases, examples and good summaries for every chapter. Professor Martin Lindell, Hanken Business School, Swedish School of Economics and Business Administration, Finland This book makes it easier to understand the current stand

My Personality And Educational Background Education Essay Free Essays

Introduction This essay will ab initio pull a secret plan on my personality and educational background, subsequently on it will concentrate on what motivated me to analyze the Masters Degree at Bangor Business School consisting assorted motive theories. Learning manners and attacks will bespeak the manner I will larn to carry through the top accomplishment in the grade. I will set about a group coursework following this assignment, therefore I will draw out all bing every bit good as possible issues that may originate in the group work and will bespeak effectual and possible solutions. We will write a custom essay sample on My Personality And Educational Background Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Finally I will pull a decision. Backdrop Study is one my favorite avocations. The household surroundings I have been raising up could non offer a great sum of wealth but encouraged me going ambitious for being Highly Educated. In 2003, after completing ‘A ‘level from Bangladesh I got admitted in Sunderland University and obtained BSC in Computer Applications. In June 2006 I started my first calling in a medium sized package house as a alumnus IT coder. Boredom caught me overnight due to luck of societal ambiance in that profession except interaction with machines. And as an extrovert individual, I enjoy societal interactions non merely in personal life but besides at work-place ; desire to ‘work with pleasance ‘ and eager to pursuit imaginativenesss in gesture. ( Eysenck ( 1970, 1990 ) ) After carry throughing a thoughtful consideration, I determined my future calling in banking sector as I ever had a acute involvement in the economic system, the concern and finance universe in general. Besides I gathered experience while analyzing in Sunderland University, from a short term employment at Barclays Bank Plc where I found a societal touch of mixing with new people and discovered my superb interpersonal and communicating accomplishments ; which trigger my purpose of fall ining Nationwide, the largest edifice society in the universe ( History ( Nationwide Building Society, 2010 ) ) , in January 2007. Since so I have been carry oning assorted managerial functions with great successes ; and late I have started gaining a concern A ; direction oriented Masters Degree making can pitch up my calling in banking sector even further. Motivation factors to analyze the Masters Degree at Bangor University Harmonizing to Huczynski A ; Buchanan ( 2007 ) , human motive can be influenced from assorted discrete but related positions. It is a cognitive decision-making procedure to take a end ; to accomplish that desired end our behaviors ever force, as we born with some unconditioned biological equipment. Such as, thrusts which are outstanding demands for being, which involve of holding O, H2O, nutrient, shelter, heat, and sex. Likewise some other demands can besides be categorised as thrusts after carry throughing innate demands which includes avidity for geting cognition, aspiration, love, and passion. These demands besides can drive a individual carry oning assorted hard undertakings. In my context, likewise other demands in thrusts class, avidity for geting cognition and being ambitious for highest making had driven me one time to go abroad in young person and same inherent aptitude encouraged me one time once more to get even higher making at Bangor. The aforesaid construct will be clearer by Maslow ‘s ( 1943 ) Content theory of Motivation which focuses on what ends persons seek and so provides agencies to accomplish those desired results. Content theory describes nine different types of motivations or demands, which drive persons to accomplish their ends. Those demands are categorised as biological, safety, association, esteem, cognizing and understanding, aesthetics, transcendency, freedom of question and look, and self-actualization. Notably, esteem and self-actualization demands encourage an person for being confident to develop his full potency. Taking Maslow ‘s Content theory into history, I strongly see myself, an person who is motivated by the influence of self-esteem and self-actualization, and who has utmost assurance and avidity to boom his full potency in existent. Therefore, my apprehension was taking an admittance in Bangor University in MBA in Banking and finance would carry through my expected end and would din my potency. There is a adage â€Å" taking right determination in right minute is another cardinal component to accomplish ends † . ‘Why people choose to accomplish certain ends? ‘ the reply will be ‘cognitive-decision doing procedure influences us to take the ends, since we are purposive in nature ‘ . Based on Vroom ‘s ( 1964 ) , Expectancy theory of motive which explains person ‘s behavior is driven by outlook. And outlook work in concurrence with high value of expected result. Correspondingly, a high outlook of accomplishing a top making every bit good as huge cognition in a specific country ( e.g. banking and finance ) , enormously influenced me to fall in in a Masters Programme at Bangor University, such a well-reputed establishment. Finally, societal influence is another major factor that motivates persons towards a end to accomplish. Based on Herzberg ‘s ( 1966, 1968 ) occupation enrichment theory of motive which focuses on how satisfaction influences an person to be motivated. In this theory two basic elements are widely discussed. One, intrinsic wagess are valued results which are controlled by single, such as feelings of satisfaction and victory. The intrinsic wages we can obtain by executing our expected activities. For case, some people like adventuresome and electrifying activities, such as mountain mounting, Bungee-jumping, sky-diving and so on ; those people volitionally perform such hazardous and dangerous activities for their ain pleasance. Most of the clip, the same doctrine is being followed by some other persons ; like, scientists, poets, writers, instrumentalists, and painters. I wholly comply with aforesaid theory in my personal context. For case, if I can finish the Masters Degree accompli shing expected consequence ( for illustration, differentiation ) , I will be mentally blessed of believing my all difficult plants have been paid off. This cherished feeling may trip my motive one time once more to prosecute myself for even farther faculty member every bit good as calling patterned advance, as it occurred before choosing Masters Programme at Bangor. Two, Extrinsic wagess are valued results within the control of others, such as acknowledgment, improvement and money. In my state of affairs, a concern related Masters Degree can speed up my calling patterned advance, and for non holding a concern background, my farther calling patterned advance in banking industry was in inquiry. Once I realised this affair I was intentionally believing of supplying a span across my experience and instruction. This realization steadfastly motivated me taking portion into MBA in Banking and Finance at Bangor University to run up in future calling ; which would offer me extrinsic wagess i n close hereafter such as, better calling chance, publicity, higher wage, celebrity, etc. Personal Learning manners and attacks Harmonizing to Huczynski A ; Buchanan ( 2007 ) , Learning is the procedure of achieving cognition thorough experience which leads to a defying alteration in behavior. In psychological science, acquisition is one of the most fundamental every bit good as argumentative subjects. Because it is really hard to explicate ‘how do we larn ‘ , we can non see what goes indoors our caput, but it merely reflects when our behavior alterations. Besides sometimes, experiences may be the agencies of behavior alterations. On the other manus, our apprehensions are in a changeless province of development. We can larn things from milieus without recognizing that we have merely leant. It in my context, the first twenty-four hours when I moved in Bangor, I was non cognizant of about the university location, locations of talk theaters, how to register for the class. But in the really short period of clip, I managed to larn everything from milieus and experiences. Peoples ‘s larning manner varies, but there is a common acquisition rhythm called, ‘Kolb ‘s Learning Cycle ‘ , ab initio proposed by Kurt Lewin ( 1946, reproduced in 1948 ) , a German-american psychologist who got that thought from control technology, which subsequently on popularised by David Kolb ( 1984 ) . This Learning Cycle comprises four correlative elements demoing how people learn new things. One: people gain experiences from assorted happenings, two: every bit shortly as happening occurred people start detecting ; which reflects in their head repeatedly, three: so people start bring forthing general constructs of that happening, four: eventually people use already-gained constructs or experiences for future experiment. Again people have different manners to follow with aforesaid larning rhythm. Based on Kolb ‘s ( 1984 ) work, Honey and Mumford ( 1986 ) developed a Learning Style Questionnaire. Using that research questionnaire they identified four different acquisition manners which vary single wise. One: Militant, who ever eager to larn something new, two: Reflector, who wants to take clip and believe about the subject before larning anything new, three: Theorist, who wants to calculate out the correlativity between old and new constructs before acquisition, four: Pragmatist, who wants to experiment the subject before larning anything new utilizing already-gained experiences. ( See Figure-1 ) Figure-1: The Lewinian Experiential Learning Model ( after Kolb, 1984, p21 ) with the linked Honey and Mumford Learning Styles in italics ( Honey and Mumford, 1986 ) ( Learning Styles ( The Higher Education Academy Engineering Subject Centre, 2010 ) ) After researching on Kolb ‘s Learning Cycle in concurrence with Honey and Mumford ‘s Learning Styles, I consider myself a scholar who learns utilizing multi-styles. For case, I am an empirical scholar who largely learns from experience and ever eager to larn something new as an Activist ; however I take clip and believe about the subject before larning, like a Reflector ; so I start bring forthing basic constructs before tilting anything new, like a Theorist ; and eventually I would wish to experiment the new subject based on my already-gained constructs in real-life scenario before larning, like a Pragmatist. In inquiry of ‘learning attacks ‘ , based on Biggs ( 1999 ) and Butler ( 1993 ; 1994 ; 1995 ) research, there are three different sort of attacks to larning. One: Surface attack that involves implicitly larning the fact and memorizing it without minimizing the significance, which frequently leads desultory when reproduces the similar subject for appraisal. Two: Deep attack to larning that involves critical rating and good understanding the grass-root of the fact in concurrence with empirical constructs as person can decide if any different contexts arise. In a sense, Deep learners ever seek for the significance ; therefore it offers a life-long apprehension of the fact. Three: Strategic attack ( SCL ; Butler, 1993 ; 1994 ; 1995 ) to larning involves utilizing an organized manner to finish the undertaking on clip and accomplishing expected success. As Strategic scholars are ever achievement focussed, sometimes they may prosecute the attack merely to obtain the success with out hold oning the proper significances or facts of the subject. After finishing a comprehensive research I once more consider myself an person who learns by carry oning multi-approaches. When I tend to larn a new subject I critically evaluate the affair to understand the facts from the root degree and so prosecute to larn. At the same clip, I map out how to finish the undertaking on clip to give the success. Therefore, I have come into a decision of sing myself a scholar who learns by uniting Deep and Strategic acquisition attacks. Group formation and development phases Based on Huczynski A ; Buchanan ( 2007 ) , Group comprises two or more people who have face-to-face interaction ; knows each other ; witting about their rank in the group ; every bit good as everyone is aware of their affirmatory sovereignty as they endeavour to achieve their success. Although there is no strict regulation of organizing the group but it should n’t travel over more than 12 people, because the bigger the group, the more hard to pass on with group persons. Group chiefly two types: Formal group, which is task-oriented ; comprises an official construction with dedicated direction to achieve successes ; tends to be lasting ; and uses to execute company ‘s cumulative aims. Where as, Informal group is about opposite of formal group by definition ; it is usually form for societal assemblages. George Homans has offered a comprehensive account in his book The Human Group ( Homans, 1951 ) that the environment is one of the biggest factors of the formation of a group. Here, he indicated about behavior of the group persons about their activities every bit good as how good they communicate each other ; because it is really of import of holding an amicable environment in the group and common apprehension among group members to finish the undertaking with success. George Homans besides discussed in his book that a group will be more likely succeeded if some basic factors can be considered before organizing it. Such as, one: Background factors which focus on material-facility demands, cultural variegations, handiness of technological installations, undertaking ordinances and undertaking ‘s economical state of affairs. Two: Required and given behaviors which focus on some indispensable behavior that group members must hold for working in a group ; to finish the occupation on clip group persons must hold to carry on some regular undertakings pass oning with others following certain ordinances ; persons have to take part in the group with their ain involvement, demoing a ‘can bash ‘ attitude all the clip. Three: Emergent or existent behaviors which focus on some other behavioral actions that group persons carry out in add-on to aforesaid factors ; like, if group members have good interactions among themselves, they may dish the dirt each other to take ennui though it could be forbidden by the authorization ; or misinterpretation may originate in sentiments among group members which can make division in the group. In summery, in order to organize a well-performing group we should be sing above mentioned factors really carefully. Research by Bruce Tuckman and Mary Ann Jensen ‘s which suggests a formal group ‘s development occurs in five phases ( Tuckman, 1965 ; Tuckman and Jensen, 1977 ) . The phases are: Forming, an initiation phase when persons hardly know each other, therefore they are largely occupied detecting about one another ‘s attitudes and backgrounds. Besides they try to happen out more about the regulations and ordinances of the undertaking. Storming, the most hostile phase when people try to happen their suited group, seek to act upon others, happen clangs between pick and suitableness of undertaking docket ; which may prosecute struggle with the authorization. Norming, the structured phase when group persons know their allocated undertakings, to execute the undertakings decently they start developing a common trust and good family among them. Performing, at this phase group persons largely occupied in problem-solving and working hard to accomplish the end on clip based on the a lready-formed construction. Adjourning, it is the reasoning phase when the group may recess due to task completion. Issues in group work and effectual solutions After a thorough research on ‘group ‘ definition, formation theory and phases of group development countries, we have formed a formal group of seven students to carry through a class work and have undertaken twosome of group meetings to day of the month. We have considered assorted factors before organizing the group ; such as, background factors which includes, set uping a regular meeting room in the university campus ; taking people from different geographical locations to convey diverseness ; guaranting some technological installations, like computing machine, projector and flipchart ; implementing a rigorous policy of attending in meeting and volitionally take parting in regular undertakings to complete it on clip ; eventually, organizing a common fund to raise money for disbursals, like, photocopy, printing or traveling for interviews. We have besides considered required and given behaviors every bit good as emergent or existent behaviors before organizing the group. In footings of phases of group development we have merely completed Forming and Storming phases. In organizing phase we introduced each other, found out attitudes, backgrounds, strengths and failings ; besides produce the docket of the undertakings every bit good as basic regulations and ordinances of the group. The feverish phase was ramping phase. Although we had an organized pronunciamento for the meeting, group members still came up with batch of inquiries about how to get down the undertaking, taking the sample ( administration ) for the undertaking, questions on already given regulations in Forming session, leading, undertaking allotment, time-management and so on. In malice of all those struggles, we managed to organize a formal construction at the terminal to intensify the group following degree, which is Norming phase where we are anticipating to organize a common apprehension and chumminess to trip our activities towards the completion of the group work on clip. Our group activities will be reported more in inside informations in group study before the entry deadline. However, so far the issues we have come across in the group work are as follows: Issue: Communication, as the bulk of the group persons were from outside of the United Kingdom and English was n’t their first linguistic communication. Solution: We have decided to utilize English at all the clip with a slow and clear tone as we can follow each other ‘s pronunciations ; we are sing this issue as another larning point from the group work. We are besides promoting one another inquiring inquiries if any ambiguity turns up in the treatment. Issue: Decision devising, a important affair that rose in the storming phase around the countries such as, leading, how to outset of the undertaking, undertaking allotment, regulations in the group and time-management. Solution: At the storming phase foremost, we have selected a project- leader utilizing democratic vote system with all group members ‘ blessing ; project leader will take the group through out the completion of the undertaking and all group persons for aid him out. Second, we have sketched a project-plan utilizing Gantt chart for time-management every bit good as undertaking continuance ; besides have implemented a clump of regulations in the group, for case, go toing in the group meeting on a regular footing, finishing group undertaking on clip, maintaining amicable relationships with each other, 0 tolerance of any racism or intimidation activities in the group and we have decided to follow â€Å" dainty others, the manner you want to be treated † . And eventually, we have conducted single undertakings distributions utilizing group members ‘ common involvement. Issue: In inquiry of ‘how to command the group activities ‘ and ‘using leading power ‘ we discussed among the group for a common solution. Solution: As ‘controlling ‘ is a critical portion of direction procedure and to actuate persons and to accomplish ends, we have given an excess attention to do this happen by implementing rigorous regulations as I mentioned earlier, besides leader will supervise the activities really closely all the clip. Again, in respects of ‘using leading power ‘ , we have agreed that leader will non set about any determination without bulk of the group members ‘ consent ; because bulk of the group members ‘ reserve the power to take a new leader, if necessary. In future group-activities, if there any other issues originate, those will be dealt on the virtue of the job. Decision To reason, this essay has clearly defined my motive of taking portion in Masters Degree programme at Bangor get downing with a brief background refering my household surroundings, personality and ideal work-environment ; which I have mentioned to demo how those elements could impact upon person ‘s motive. Then with coaction of assorted motive theories, ( such as, content theory, anticipation theory and occupation enrichment theory ) I have critically justified what motivated me for Masters Degree. After that I have drawn an attending on my acquisition manners and attacks utilizing an affectional acquisition rhythm. Subsequently on, I have focused on group formation and group development phases, as I will be taking portion in a group work merely after finishing this essay. In group formation and development phases, I have concentrated on assorted factors, ( such as, background factors, required and given behaviors and emergent or existent behavior ) which are really important el ements to believe about earlier organizing a formal group. Those factors we have brought into consideration while organizing our group for following group work. Then I have focussed on group development phases ( organizing, ramping, norming, executing and recessing ) and have mentioned the current phase of our group. Finally, I have pointed out the issues and effectual solutions that I have already experienced while organizing our group for carry oning the group class work. How to cite My Personality And Educational Background Education Essay, Essay examples

Health Promotion for Current Knowledge -myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theHealth Promotion for Current Knowledge andApplicability. Answer: The present post has been informative as it discussed the multidimensional aspects of patient participation in health care delivery. From the post, it has been noted that the definition of involvement is different in different fields, such as sociology and political science. In the medical domain, the terms involvement, collaboration and partnership are used interchangeably. There are different interpretations of the impression of patient involvement, as indicated in the post. I agree with the opinion that contributions made by patients in the significant decision making process in healthcare are noteworthy, as they enable better quality care delivery. In the present era, the patient contribution is being perceived as a political need in different nations, which I feel is justified. According to Longtin et al., (2010) patient participation and involvement is a complex process arising from the concept of consumers right to safety. In my opinion, patient participation in the last few years has increased considerably and now it is recognized as a crucial element of healthcare processes. The decision-making process and the treatment of chronic illness are less complex at present due to patient involvement. Patient participation forms a crucial part of the recommendations put forward by organizations that focus on improvement of patient safety. Research has reviewed the efficacy and underlying principles of patient participation in the active decision making pr ocess. Based on the principles of patient involvement, a conceptual framework can be built up for better quality care delivery. It is suggested that patient participation is to be used as a tool for preventing medical errors and proposing different distinct agendas for research (Blixen et al. 2018). References Blixen, C., Sajatovic, M., Moore, D.J., Depp, C., Cushman, C., Cage, J., Barboza, M., Eskew, L., Klein, P. and Levin, J.B., 2018. Patient participation in the development of a customized m-Health intervention to improve medication adherence in poorly adherent individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) and hypertension (HTN).International Journal of Healthcare,4(1), p.25. Longtin, Y., Sax, H., Leape, L. L., Sheridan, S. E., Donaldson, L., and Pittet, D. 2010. Patient Participation: Current Knowledge and Applicability to Patient Safety.Mayo Clinic Proceedings,85(1), pp. 5362.

Better Work Life Balance Survey in Ncc Bank Limited free essay sample

This report provides an overview of different types of work-life balance initiatives that have been developed by in the financial institutions of Bangladesh. Governments are increasingly committed to reducing the social, health and business costs of work-life conflict. Several countries have adopted individual pieces of legislation or policies that address some aspect of work-life balance. These initiatives are not necessarily part of a comprehensive program or policy approach to achieve work-life balance, but these measures could be seen as one way to improve an employees balance between work and other responsibilities.This report shows that there is not likely to be any one size fits all answer to work-life balance issues. A variety of approaches are available to support work-life balance, ranging from promotional programs that emphasize the importance of balance and provide support to employers to reduce the business costs associated with work-life conflict, to legislation that su pports parents with care giving responsibilities. We will write a custom essay sample on Better Work Life Balance Survey in Ncc Bank Limited or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is clear that improving work-life balance is an important component of the policy agenda for many industrial countries, and the issue is likely to become even more important in the future. The first Work-Life Balance Survey (WLB1) was conducted by the Department for Education and Employment in 2000 to assess the extent to which employers operated work life balance practices; to see whether employees felt that existing practices met their needs; and to provide a baseline against which future surveys could be compared.Changes were made in the survey’s methodology between the first baseline study conducted by IFF and the second survey of employees (WLB2) conducted in 2003 by MORI, and fieldwork for the 3 Second survey was conducted prior to the introduction of the right to request flexible working. This report presents the results of the Third Work-Life Balance Employees’ Survey, conducted by telephone in early 2006. Work-life balance is a phrase used to describe an ind ividuals feelings of satisfaction with the participation in job-related activities and his or her personal life.This state is achieved when an individual feels the amount of time spent making money to provide for ones household and advancing career goals is adequately balanced with the amount of time spent in independent and personal pursuits, such as friendships, family, spirituality, hobbies, and leisure activities. Failure to maintain work-life balance may result in significant emotional distress and reduction of productivity. In many cases, spending more time at work may actually lead to a decrease in productivity.Some individuals feel that their workplace creates too many pressures to maintain a work/life balance, and they may feel a reduction in their feelings of satisfaction and enjoyment of life. Some individuals feel as if there is not enough time for other aspects of life 1. INTRODUCTION: 1. 1. Introduction to the topic: Work-life balance is a broad concept including proper prioritizing between work (career and ambition) on one hand and life (pleasure, leisure, family and spiritual development) on the other. Related, though broader, terms include lifestyle balance and life balance. In general, individuals who work more than 60 hours per week are colloquially called workaholics. The phrase workaholic became popular in 1971 when Wayne Oates published the book, Confessions of a Workaholic. The phrase workaholic is not a clinical term, but it is generally used to describe individuals who neglect their personal lives in favor of work- and career-related pursuits. The phrase work-life balance became popular as a managerial concept when employers realized that their workers demonstrated increased productivity, decreased turnover, and dedication to the company when the concept was observed and respected.

Tasmanian Devil Facts

Tasmanian Devil Facts The Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii)Â  is the worlds largest carnivorous marsupial. The animals common name comes from its ferocious feeding behavior. Its scientific name means Harris flesh-lover in honor of naturalist George Harris, who first described the devil in 1807. Fast Facts: Tasmanian Devil Scientific Name: Sarcophilus harrisiiCommon Name: Tasmanian devilBasic Animal Group: MammalSize: 22-26 inch body; 10 inch tailWeight: 13-18 poundsLife Span: 5 yearsDiet: CarnivoreHabitat: Tasmania, AustraliaPopulation: 10,000Conservation Status: Endangered Description The Tasmanian devil resembles a dog-sized rat. It has a large head for its body, which allows it to exert the strongest bite for its size of any carnivorous mammal (strong enough to bite through steel wire). It stores fat in its non-prehensile tail, so a thick tail is a good indicator of the marsupials health. Most devils have black fur with white patches, although 16% are completely black. Devils have excellent senses of hearing and smell, plus they use long whiskers to navigate in the dark. The animals eyes can see moving objects, but probably dont focus clearly. CÃ ©cile Boucher / Getty Images Mature males are larger than females. A males head and body averages 25.7 inches long, with a 10-inch tail and a weight around 18 pounds. Females average 22 inches in length, plus a 9-inch tail, and a weight of 13 pounds. Devils can hold food and other objects using four long forward-facing toes and one side-facing toe on each forefoot. There are four toes with non-retractable claws on each hindfoot. Both male and female Tasmanian devils have a scent gland at the base of the tail used to mark the ground. Habitat and Distribution About 3,000 years ago, the Tasmanian devil disappeared from mainland Australia. Many researchers believe dingoes and human expansion may have eradicated the animal. Today, devils only live on the island of Tasmania, Australia. While the animals occupy all habitats, they prefer dry forests. Diet and Behavior The Tasmanian devil rests in a den or the bush during the day and hunts at night. While devils do not form packs, they are not entirely solitary and will share a range. Tasmanian devils can hunt any animal up to the size of a kangaroo, but they usually eat carrion or take smaller prey, such as wombats or frogs. They also eat vegetation and fruit. Reproduction and Offspring Devils reach sexual maturity and start to breed at two years of age. Mating typically occurs in March. While Tasmanian devils are not territorial in general, females claim and defend dens. Males fight for the right to mate a female and the winner ferociously guards his mate to drive away competition. After a 21-day gestation, a female gives birth to 20-30 young, which are called joeys, pups, or imps. At birth, each joey only weighs from 0.0063 to 0.0085 ounces (size of a grain of rice). The blind, hairless young use their claws to move from the females vagina to her pouch. However, she only has four nipples. Once a joey makes contact with a nipple, it expands and holds the joey inside the pouch. The joey remains attached for 100 days. It leaves the pouch 105 days after birth, looking like a tiny (7.1 ounce) copy of its parents. The young remain within their mothers den for another three months. Tasmanian devils can live up to 7 years under ideal conditions, but their average life expectancy is closer to 5 years. Young Tasmanian devils are small versions of their parents. aaron007 / Getty Images Conservation Status In 2008, the IUCN classified the Tasmanian devils conservation status as endangered. The Tasmanian government has instituted protection programs for the animal, but its population continues to decline. The total population is estimated to be around 10,000 devils. Threats The principal threat to Tasmanian devil survival is devil facial tumor disease (DFTD), which is a contagious cancer devils transmit via bites. DFTD results in tumors that ultimately interfere with an animals ability to eat, leading to death by starvation. Devils also die from cancer that may be related to high levels of flame retardant chemicals in the environment. Road mortality is another significant cause of devil death. Tasmanian devils scavenge roadkill at night and are difficult for motorists to see because of their dark coloring. Tasmanian Devils and Humans At one time, Tasmanian devils were hunted for food. While it is true devils will dig up and eat human and animal corpses, there is no evidence they attack people. While Tasmanian devils can be tamed, their strong odor makes them unsuitable as pets. Tasmanian devils look and sound fierce, but they pose no direct threat to humans. CraigRJD / Getty Images Sources Brown, Oliver. Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii) extinction on the Australian mainland in the mid-Holocene: multicausality and ENSO intensification. Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology. 31: 49–57, 2006. doi:10.1080/03115510609506855Groves, C.P. Order Dasyuromorphia. In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 28, 2005. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0.Hawkins, C.E.; McCallum, H.; Mooney, N.; Jones, M.; Holdsworth, M. Sarcophilus harrisii. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. 2008: e.T40540A10331066. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T40540A10331066.enOwen, D. and David Pemberton. Tasmanian Devil: A unique and threatened animal. Crows Nest, New South Wales: Allen Unwin, 2005. ISBN 978-1-74114-368-3.Siddle, Hannah V.; Kreiss, Alexandre; Eldridge, Mark D. B.; Noonan, Erin; Clarke, Candice J.; Pyecroft, Stephen; Woods, Gregory M.; Belov, Katherine. Transmission of a fat al clonal tumor by biting occurs due to depleted MHC diversity in a threatened carnivorous marsupial. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 104 (41): 16221–16226, 2007. doi:10.1073/pnas.0704580104

Design Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Design Project - Essay Example To reflect on the activities carefully and encourage members do so as well (Moger, 2000). From completed project, it is notable that the project is very high and the way the straws are placed to hold the cup egg cannot fall though members of the group had few differences. One member brought the idea and after looking at the idea as a group, everybody welcomed the idea. Initially we had decided to use one uniform color for the straws but members suggested the use of different colors to make the holders look more appealing to the eye and to show some originality (Rickards, 2000). Reliability in employee testing and selection measures the consistency of performance at the same level success. Validity is the measuring how far a prediction of success in employment is made. That is validity to analyze the extent of in which predicted results are achieved and when the actual results are attained by the employees. In validating, it very key to analyze the kind of job that is employees are to be interviewed for. In analyzing the job, important areas are the predictors and the criterion. Predictors involve understanding the job specifications. The criterion requires understanding quantitative and qualitative measures for the job to be achievable at the end of the day. Secondly, choosing the type of test to use in the interview process that use either test battery or single test and the third step is administering the test that is through concurrent validation and predictive validation. In concurrent validation, I would compare the previous performance of the employees with the current performance and pose a question concerning their performance. In predictive validation, I would measure the performance with the prior scores. Then I would relate test scores and the criteria used. Finally, I would cross-validate, revalidate, and repeat the same